When General Brock heard that
General Hull had invaded
Canada, he knew he had to do something to defend Upper Canada. As quickly as possible, he called for 300 volunteers and made his way to
Amherstburg. Although they ran into stormy weather on Lake Erie, the relief forces arrived in Amherstburg on August 13. That night Brock met Tecumseh for the first time. Together, they came up with a plan to attack the Americans in Detroit. The British troops had taken possession of the Americans' deserted camp on François Baby's farm. They erected two gun batteries, one hidden behind Baby's old house. On August 15, Brock sent a message to Hull, demanding his surrender. When Hull refused, the British guns started to bombard Fort Detroit. In the early morning of August 16, Brock led a group of army, militia and Natives across the river. The British ships Queen Charlotte and General Hunter had sailed up from Lake Erie and they protected the men crossing. The British landed at Spring Wells, about 3 miles south of Detroit. They marched towards Detroit. Brock had dressed the militia in cast-off red coats from the army, so that the Americans would think that they had more trained soldiers than they did. When he had his men form into lines, Brock was hoping to push the Americans into coming out of the fort to do battle with him. Instead, to everyone's surprise, General Hull decided to surrender. Hull was afraid for the American civilians, especially his own family, and he thought that the Natives would massacre them. |
Francois Baby's farm
Francois Baby's farm |
The surrender of Detroit gave the inhabitants of Upper Canada some much-needed confidence. Many had believed that they would be overrun by the Americans. Instead, they had managed to capture a strategic fort and gain control of a large section of American territory. Fort Detroit had large supplies of guns and ammunition that the British used to arm the militia and the Natives.
On the other hand, it was a stunning blow to the Americans. They had not imagined that they could be defeated.
Brock put Colonel Henry Procter in charge of the forces at
Fort Malden. Brock went back to defend the Niagara region and was killed at the Battle of Queenston Heights on Oct. 13, 1812.
Medals given for the surrender of Detroit |
Other side of medals given for the surrender of Detroit |
See more: General Brock.
See more: Tecumseh.
See more: General William Hull.
See more: The trip along Lake Erie with General Brock, from Charles Askin's diary.
See more: François Baby House.
See more: General Brock's letter to General Hull.
See more: Richardson describes crossing the river and marching toward Detroit.
See more: John Norton's account of the surrender of Detroit.
Hear more: Lydia Bacon's description
of the conditions inside Fort Detroit.
(See the
transcription)
See more: Map of the
campaign.
(See the
transcription)
Play: Game: Journey August 1812.
(Download
Flash Player 6)
See more: Fort Malden at
Amherstburg.